巴西专利BR112020010136A2 method for operating floating vessel

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专利摘要:
A method of operating a floating vessel in which the floating vessel comprises a hull having: a bottom surface, a top deck surface, at least two connected sections engaging between the bottom surface and the top deck surface, and at least a stabilizer extending from the hull with an upper stabilizer surface tilting towards the bottom surface and attached to and extending from the hull, the at least one stabilizer configured to provide hydrodynamic performance. The at least two connected sections extend downward from the top deck surface towards the bottom surface. The at least two connected sections contain at least two of: an upper portion in section view with an inclined side extending from the top deck section, a cylindrical neck section in profile view, and a lower tapered section in viewed in profile with an inclined side extending from the cylindrical neck section.
公开号:BR112020010136A2
申请号:R112020010136-2
申请日:2018-11-19
公开日:2020-11-10
发明作者:Nicolaas Johannes Vandenworm；John Williams Beck Iii
申请人:Jurong Shipyard Pte Ltd；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[001] [001] The present modalities generally refer to a floating vessel. BACKGROUND
[002] [002] The present invention relates to floating production, storage and unloading vessels (FPSO) and more particularly to hull designs and discharge systems for a floating drilling, production, storage and unloading vessel (FDPSO).
[003] [003] The present modalities meet these needs. SUMMARY
[004] [004] Several modalities provide a method for operating a floating vessel comprising: (a) positioning the floating vessel in a first draft close to a wellhead, by float; (b) ballast the floating vessel in a second draft for drilling and production; (c) prepare the floating vessel on the second draft for offshore drilling and production services using a tower / mast with a winch, supply, mud pumps, cement pumps and a compensation system, wherein the floating vessel comprises a hull having : (i) a bottom surface; (ii) a top deck surface; and (iii) at least two connected sections engaging between the bottom surface and the top deck surface, the at least two connected sections joined in series and symmetrically configured around a vertical geometric axis with a connected section of the at least two connected sections extending downward from the top deck surface towards the bottom surface, the at least two connected sections comprising at least two of: a top portion in section view with a sloping side extending from the top deck surface; a cylindrical neck section in profile view; and a lower tapered section in profile with a sloping side extending from the cylindrical neck section; and (iv) at least one fin extending from the hull with an upper fin surface sloping towards the bottom surface and attached to and extending from the hull, to at least one fin configured to provide hydrodynamic performance through quadratic and linear damping, and in which the lower conical section provides added mass with improved hydrodynamic performance through quadratic and linear damping to the hull and in which the floating vessel does not require a retractable central column to control pitching, rolling and vertical displacement (heave); (d) forming a drill string and lowering a drill bit connected to the drill string through a marine riser to a seabed and passing through a plurality of sequentially connected safety valves; (e) after reaching a producing area of a reservoir, remove the drill bit and drill column and prepare the reservoir for production; and (f) move the floating vessel to another offshore location for additional drilling and production services. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[005] [005] The detailed description will be better understood in combination with the accompanying drawings, as follows:
[006] [006] Figure 1 is a top plan view of an FPSO vessel, in accordance with the present invention, and a tanker moored on the FPSO vessel.
[007] [007] Figure 2 is a side elevation of the FPSO vessel in figure 1.
[008] [008] Figure 3 is an enlarged and more detailed version of the lateral elevation of the FPSO vessel shown in figure 2.
[009] [009] Figure 4 is an enlarged and more detailed version of the top plane view of the FPSO vessel shown in figure 1.
[010] [010] Figure 5 is a side elevation of an alternative hull modality for an FPSO vessel, in accordance with the present invention.
[011] [011] Figure 6 is a side elevation of an alternative hull modality for an FPSO vessel, in accordance with the present invention.
[012] [012] Figure 7 is a side elevation of an alternative modality of an FPSO vessel, according to the present invention, showing a central column received in a hole through the hull of the FPSO vessel.
[013] [013] Figure 8 is a cross section of the central column of figure 7, as seen along line 8-8.
[014] [014] Figure 9 is a side elevation of the FPSO vessel of figure 7 showing an alternative modality of the central column, according to the present invention.
[015] [015] Figure 10 is a cross section of the central column of figure 9, as seen along line 11-11.
[016] [016] Figure 11 is an alternative embodiment of a central column and a mass trap as would be seen along line 11-11 in figure 9, according to the present invention.
[017] [017] Figure 12 is a top plan view of a mobile mooring cable connection, according to the present invention.
[018] [018] Figure 13 is a side elevation of the mobile mooring cable connection of figure 12 in partial cross section as seen along line 13-
[019] [019] Figure 14 is a side elevation of the mobile mooring cable connection of figure 13 in partial cross section as seen along line 14-
[020] [020] Figure 15 is a side elevation of a vessel, in accordance with the present invention.
[021] [021] Figure 16 is a cross section of the vessel in Figure 15 as seen along line 16-16 shown in cross section.
[022] [022] Figure 17 is a cross section of the vessel in Figure 15 as seen along line 17-17 as shown in cross section.
[023] [023] Figure 18 is a cross section of the vessel in Figure 15 like this along line 18-18 as shown in cross section.
[024] [024] The present modalities are detailed below with reference to the figures listed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES
[025] [025] Before explaining the present apparatus in detail, it must be understood that the apparatus is not limited to particular modalities and that it can be put into practice or carried out in various ways.
[026] [026] The present invention provides a floating platform, storage and unloading (FPSO) vessel with several alternative hull designs, several alternative center column designs and a mobile mooring cable system for unloading, which allows a tank is oriented over a wide arc with respect to the FPSO vessel.
[027] [027] The invention relates to a method for operating an exclusively shaped floating vessel in which the floating vessel has a case having: a bottom surface; a top deck surface; and at least two connected sections engaging between the bottom surface and the top deck surface.
[028] [028] The at least two connected sections extend downward from the top deck surface towards the bottom surface.
[029] [029] The at least two connected sections are at least two of:
[030] [030] The method according to several modalities can provide optimal draft mainly or only for the purpose of drilling and production and reuse. In other words, the method may not necessarily be with storage and unloading.
[031] [031] Turning now to the figures, the exclusive hull can be seen.
[032] [032] An FPSO 10 vessel is shown in a plan view in figure 1 and in a side elevation in figure 2, in accordance with the present invention.
[033] [033] The FPSO 10 vessel has a hull 12 and a central column 14 can be attached to hull 12 and extend downwards.
[034] [034] The vessel FPSO 10 floats in water W and can be used in the production, storage and / or discharge of resources extracted from the earth, such as hydrocarbons including crude oil and natural gas and minerals as they can be extracted by mining solution.
[035] [035] The FPSO 10 vessel can be assembled onshore using known methods, which are similar to shipbuilding and towed to an offshore location, typically above an oil and / or gas field on land below the offshore location.
[036] [036] Anchor lines 16a, 16b, 16c and 16d, which would be attached to anchors in the seabed that are not shown, dock the vessel FPSO
[037] [037] In a typical FPSO 10 vessel application, crude oil is produced from the land below the seabed below vessel 10, transferred to and temporarily stored in hull 12, and unloaded on a T tanker for transportation to facilities onshore. Tanker T is temporarily docked on the FPSO 10 during the unloading operation by a mooring cable 18. A hose 20 is extended between hull 12 and tanker T for transferring crude oil and / or other fluid to from vessel FPSO 10 to tanker T.
[038] [038] Figure 3 is a side elevation of the FPSO 10 vessel, figure 4 is a top plan view of the FPSO 10 vessel and each view is larger and shows more detail than the corresponding figures 2 and 1, respectively. The hull 12 of the FPSO 10 vessel has a circular top deck surface 12a, an upper cylindrical portion 12b extending downwardly from deck surface 12a, an upper conical section 12c extending downwardly from the upper cylindrical portion 12b and tapering inward, a cylindrical neck section 12d extending downward from the upper taper section 12c, a lower taper section 12e extending downward from the neck section 12d and extending outward, and a lower cylindrical section 12f extending downward from the lower conical section 12e. The lower conical section 12e is described in the present invention as having the shape of an inverted cone as having an inverted conical shape as opposed to the upper conical section 12c, which is described in the present invention as having a regular tapered shape. The FPSO 10 vessel preferably floats so that the surface of the water intersects the upper, regular tapered section 12c, which is mentioned in the present invention as the waterline being in the shape of a regular cone.
[039] [039] The FPSO 10 vessel is preferably loaded and / or ballasted to maintain the waterline in a bottom portion of the upper, regular tapered section 12c. When the FPSO 10 vessel is installed and floating properly, a cross section of hull 12 across any horizontal plane is preferably circular in shape.
[040] [040] Hull 12 can be designed and sized to meet the requirements of a specific application, and services can be ordered from the Netherlands Maritime Research Institute (Marin) to provide design parameters optimized to meet the design requirements for a specific application .
[041] [041] In this embodiment, the upper cylindrical section 12b is approximately the same height as the neck section 12d, while the height of the lower cylindrical section 12f is approximately 3 or 4 times greater than the height of the upper cylindrical section 12b. The lower cylindrical section 12f has a larger diameter than the upper cylindrical section 12b. The upper conical section 12c is higher than the lower conical section 12e.
[042] [042] Figures 5 and 6 are side elevations showing alternative designs for the hull.
[043] [043] Figure 5 shows a 12h hull that has a circular top deck surface 12i, which would be essentially identical to the top deck surface 12a, in a top portion of an upper conical section 12j that tapers inwardly as that extends downwards.
[044] [044] A cylindrical neck section 12k is attached to a lower end of the upper conical section 12j and extends downwards from the upper conical section 12j. a 12m lower tapered section is attached to a lower end of the 12k neck section and extends downward from the 12k neck section while widening outward. A lower cylindrical section 12n is attached to a lower end of the lower conical section 12m and extends downwards from the lower conical section 12m. a significant difference between hull 12h and hull 12 is that hull 12h does not have an upper cylindrical portion corresponding to the upper cylindrical portion 12b in hull 12. Otherwise, the upper conical section 12j corresponds to the upper conical section 12c; the neck section 12k corresponds to the neck section 12d; the lower conical section 12m corresponds to the lower conical section 12e; and the lower cylindrical section 12n corresponds to the lower cylindrical section 12f.
[045] [045] Each lower cylindrical section 12n and lower cylindrical section 12f has a circular bottom deck which is not shown, but which is similar to the circular top deck surface 12a, except that the central section 14 extends downward from the circular bottom deck.
[046] [046] Figure 6 is a side elevation of a hull 12p, which has a top deck 12q that looks like the top deck surface 12a. An upper cylindrical section 12r extends downwards from the top deck 12q and corresponds with the upper cylindrical section 12b.
[047] [047] An upper conical section 12s is attached to a lower end of the upper cylindrical section 12r and extends downwards while tapering inwards. The upper conical section 12s corresponds to the upper conical section 12c in figure 1. The hull 12p in figure 6 does not have a cylindrical neck section that corresponds to the cylindrical neck section 12d in figure 3.
[048] [048] Instead, an upper end of a lower taper section 12t is connected to a lower end of the upper taper section 12s and the lower taper section 12t extends downward while widening outward. The lower conical section 12t in figure 6 corresponds to the lower conical section 12e in figure 3.
[049] [049] A lower cylindrical section 12u is attached at an upper end, as by welding, to a lower end of the lower conical section 12t and extends downwards, corresponding essentially in size and configuration to the lower cylindrical section 12f in figure 3. One bottom plate 12v (not shown) surrounds a lower end of the lower cylindrical section 12u and the lower end of hull 12 in figure 3 and hull 12h in figure 5 are similarly surrounded by a bottom plate and each of the bottom plates can be adapted to accommodate a respective central column corresponding to the central column 14 in figure 3.
[050] [050] Turning now to figures 7-11, alternative modalities for a central column are illustrated. Figure 7 is a side elevation of an FPSO 10 vessel partially shown in section to show a central column 22, according to the present invention. The FPSO 10 vessel has a top deck surface 20a that has an opening 20b through which the central column 22 can pass. In this embodiment, the central column 22 can be retracted and an upper end 22a of the central column 22 can be raised above the top deck surface 20a. If the central column 22 is fully retracted, the FPSO 10 vessel can be moved through shallower water than if the central column 22 was fully extended. US patent no.
[051] [051] Figure 7 shows the central column 22 partially retracted and the central column 22 can be extended to a depth where the upper end 22a is located within a lower cylindrical portion 20c of the FPSO 10 vessel. Figure 8 is a section cross section of the central column 22 as seen along line 8-8 in figure 7 and figure 8 shows a plan view of a mass trap 24 located at a bottom end 22b of the central column 22. The mass trap 24 which is shown in this modality as having a hexagonal shape in its plan view, it is weighed with water to stabilize FPSO 10 as it floats in the water and is subject to wind, wave, current and other forces. The central column 22 is shown in figure 8 as having a hexagonal cross section, however this is a design choice.
[052] [052] Figure 9 is a side elevation of the vessel FPSO 10 of figure 7 partially shown in section to show a central column 26, according to the present invention. The central column 26 is shorter than the central column 22 in figure 7. An upper end 26a of the central column 26 can be moved up or down inside the opening 20b on the FPSO 10 vessel and with the central column 26, the FPSO vessel 10 can be operated only a few meters from the central column 26 projecting below the bottom of the FPSO 20 vessel.
[053] [053] A mass trap 28 that can be filled with water to stabilize the FPSO 10 vessel, is attached to a lower end 26b of the central column 26.
[054] [054] Figure 10 is a cross section of central column 26 as seen along line 11-11 in figure 9.
[055] [055] In this modality of a central column, the central column 26 has a square cross section and the mass trap 28 has an octagonal shape in the plan view of figure 10.
[056] [056] In an alternative embodiment of the central column in figure 9 as seen along line 11-11, a central column CC and a mass trap MT are shown in figure 11 in a top plan view. In this modality,
[057] [057] Returning to figure 3, the hull of the FPSO 12 vessel has a cavity or recess 12x shown in lines in spectrum, which is an opening centered into a bottom portion of the lower cylindrical section 12f of the hull of the FPSO vessel, 12. An upper end 14a of the central column 14 projects inward essentially of the total depth of the 12x recess.
[058] [058] In the modality illustrated in figure 3, the central column 14 is effectively supported from the bottom of the lower cylindrical section 12f, very similar to a post anchored in an orifice, but with the central column 14 extending downward into the water over which the hull of the FPSO 12 floats. A mass trap 17 to contain the weight of water to stabilize hull 12 is attached to a lower end 14b of central column 14.
[059] [059] Various modalities of a central column have been described; however, the center column is optional and can be eliminated entirely or replaced with a different structure that protrudes from the bottom of the FPSO vessel and helps to stabilize the vessel.
[060] [060] An application for the FPSO 10 vessel illustrated in figure 3 is in the production and storage of hydrocarbons such as crude oil and natural gas and associated fluids and minerals and other resources that can be extracted or harvested from land and / or water. As shown in figure 3, upstream production pipes P1, P2 and P3 are pipes or pipes through which, for example, crude oil can flow from the depths of the earth to the vessel FPSO 10, which has significant storage capacity in the tanks inside the hull
[061] [061] In figure 3, upstream pipes P1, P2 and P3 are illustrated as being located on an outer surface of hull 12 and production would flow into hull 12 through openings in the top deck surface 12a. an alternative arrangement is available on the FPSO 10 vessel shown in figures 7 and 9 where it is possible to locate production risers inside opening 20b that provides an open path from the bottom of the FPSO 10 vessel to the top of the FPSO 10 vessel. they are not shown in figures 7 and 9, but they can be located on an outer surface of the case or inside opening 20b. An upper end of a production riser can terminate at a desired location with respect to the hull so that production flows directly to a desired storage tank within the hull.
[062] [062] The FPSO 10 vessel in figures 7 and 9 can also be used to drill the land to discover or extract resources, particularly hydrocarbons such as crude oil and natural gas, making the vessel a drilling, production, storage and unloading vessel (FDPSO ) floating.
[063] [063] For this application, the MT, 24 or 28 mass tank would have a central opening from a top surface to a bottom surface through which the drill column can pass, which is a structural design that can also be used to accommodate production risers at opening 20b on the FDPSO 10 vessel. A tower (not shown) would be provided on a top deck surface 20d of the FPSO 10 vessel for handling, lowering, rotating and raising the drill pipe and a mounted drilling column, which would extend downwardly from the tower through opening 20b on the FPSO 10 vessel, through an inner portion of central column 22 or 26, through a central opening (not shown) in the mass tank 24 or 28 , through the water and into the seabed below.
[064] [064] After successful completion of drilling, upstream production tubes can be installed and the resource, such as crude oil and / or natural gas, can be received and stored in a reservoir located inside the FPSO vessel. Publication of US patent application no. 2009/0126616, which lists Srinivasan as a unique inventor, describes a reservoir arrangement in the hull of an FPSO vessel for storing water and oil ballast and is incorporated by reference. In one embodiment of the present invention, a heavy ballast, such as hematite paste and water, can be used, preferably in external ballast tanks. A paste is preferred, preferably one part of hematite and three parts of water, but a permanent ballast, such as concrete, could be used. A concrete with a heavy aggregate, such as hematite, barite, limonite, magnetite, steel punch and load, can be used, but preferably a high density material is used in a paste form. Aspects of drilling, production and storage of the floating drilling, production, storage and unloading vessel of the present invention have thus been described, which leaves the unloading function of an FDPSO vessel.
[065] [065] Returning to the unloading function of the FDPSO vessel of the present invention, figures 1 and 2 illustrate the transport tanker T moored to the FPSO vessel 10 by the mooring cable 18, which is a rope or a cable and the hose 20 was extended from the vessel FPSO 10 to the tanker T. The vessel FPSO 10 is anchored on the seabed through anchoring lines 16a, 16b, 16c and 16d, while the location and orientation of the tanker T is carried out by wind and force direction, wave action and current strength and direction.
[066] [066] Consequently, tanker T is oriented with respect to the FPSO 10 vessel because its bow is moored on the FPSO 10 vessel while its rod moves to an alignment determined by a balance of forces. As the forces due to wind, wave and current change, tanker T can move to the position indicated by the line in spectrum A or to the position indicated by the line in spectrum B. Tugs or a temporary anchoring system, neither of which is shown, can be used to keep the tanker T at a safe, minimum distance from the FPSO 10 vessel in the event of a change in net forces that causes the tanker T to move towards the FPSO vessel 10 instead of in the opposite direction of the FPSO 10 vessel so that the mooring line 18 remains taut.
[067] [067] If wind, wave, current (and any other) forces remain calm and steady, tanker T would orient itself in a position in which all forces acting on the tanker were in balance and the tanker T would remain in that position. However, this is generally not the case in a natural environment. In particular, the direction and speed or force of the wind changes from time to time, and any change in the forces acting on the tanker T causes the tanker T to move to a different position in which the various forces are again in contact. balance. Consequently, the tanker T moves relative to the FPSO 10 vessel as various forces acting on the tanker T change, such as the forces due to the action of wind, wave and current.
[068] [068] Figures 12-14, in combination with figures 1 and 2, illustrate a mobile mooring cable connection 40 on the FPSO vessel, in accordance with the present invention, which helps to accommodate the movement of the transport tanker with respect to the FPSO vessel.
[069] [069] Figure 12 is a plan view of the mobile mooring cable connection 40 in partial cross section. The mobile mooring cable connection 40 comprises, in one embodiment, a nearly fully wrapped tubular channel 42 that has a rectangular cross section and a longitudinal groove 42a in a side wall 42b; a set of insulators 44, including insulators 44a and 44b, which connect the tubular channel 42 horizontally to an upper, outer wall 12w of hull 12 in figures 1-4; a trolley 46 captured and movable within the tubular channel 42; a trolley shackle 48 attached to trolley 46 and providing a connection point; and a plate 50 hingedly attached to the trolley shackle 48 via a plate shackle 52.
[070] [070] The plate 50 has a generally triangular shape with the apex of the triangle attached to the plate shackle 52 through a pin 54 that passes through a hole in the plate shackle 50. Plate 50 has a hole 50a adjacent to another point of the triangle and a plate hole 50b adjacent to the end point of the triangle. The mooring cable 18 ends with dual connection points 18a and 18b, which are connected to the plate 50 by passing through the holes 50a and 50b, respectively. Alternatively, dual ends 18a and 18b, plate 50 and / or shackle 52 can be eliminated and the mooring cable 18 can be connected directly to the shackle 48 and other variations in how the mooring cable 18 is connected to the trolley 48 are available.
[071] [071] Figure 13 is a side elevation of the mobile mooring cable connection 40 in partial cross section as seen along line 13-13 in figure 12. A side elevation of tubular channel 42 is shown in cross section. The wall 42b, which has the groove 42a, is a relatively tall vertical outer wall, and an outer surface of an opposite inner wall 42c is of equal height.
[072] [072] Insulators 44 are attached, as by welding, to the outer surface of the inner wall 42c. A pair of horizontal, relatively short, opposite walls 42d and 42e extends between vertical walls 42b and 42c to complete the casing of the tubular channel 42, except that the vertical wall 42b has the longitudinal, horizontal groove 42a that extends almost the entire length of the tubular channel 42.
[073] [073] Figure 14 is a side elevation with tubular channel 42 in partial cross section to show a side elevation of trolley 46. Trolley 46 includes a base plate 46a, which has four rectangular openings 46b, 46c, 46d and 46e , to receive four wheels 46f, 46g, 46h and 46i, respectively, which are mounted on four axles 46j, 46k, 46m and 46n, respectively, which are attached through insulators on the base plate 46a.
[074] [074] The tanker T is moored on the vessel FPSO 10 in figures 1- 4 through the mooring cable 18, which is attached to the mobile trolley 46 through the plate 50 and shackles 48 and 52. As wind, wave, chain and / or other forces act on tanker T, tanker T can move in an arc around the vessel FPSO 10 in a radius determined by the length of the mooring line 18 because trolley 46 is free to roll back and forth in a horizontal plane within the tubular channel 42. As best seen in figure 4, the tubular channel 42 extends in approximately a 90 degree arc around the hull 12 of the FPSO 10 vessel. The tubular channel 42 has ends opposite 42f and 42g, each of which is wrapped to provide a stop for trolley 46. The tubular channel 42 has a radius of curvature that matches the radius of curvature of the outer wall 12w of hull 12 because insulators 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d are equal in length. Trolley 46 is free to roll back and forth within the closed tubular channel 42 between ends 42f and 42g of tubular channel 42. Insulators 44a, 44b, 44c and 44d space the tubular channel in the opposite direction from the outer wall 12w of hull 12 and the hose20 and anchor lines 16c pass through a defined space between the outer wall 12w and the inner wall 42c of the tubular channel 42.
[075] [075] Typically, wind forces, waves and current will position the tanker T in one position, with respect to the FPSO 10 vessel, mentioned here as the wind direction of the FPSO 10 vessel. The mooring cable 18 is stretched and in tension when the action of wind, waves and current applies a force on the tanker T that tries to move the tanker T away and towards the wind of the stationary FPSO vessel 10. Trolley 46 rests inside the tubular channel 42 due to a balance of forces that neutralizes a tendency for trolley 46 to move.
[076] [076] After a change in the direction of the wind, tanker T can move relative to the vessel FPSO 10 and as tanker T moves, trolley 46 will roll into tubular channel 42 with wheels 46f , 46g and 46i pressed against an internal surface of the wall 42b of the tubular channel 42. As the wind continues in its new, fixed direction, the trolley 46 will settle inside the tubular channel 42 where forces that cause the trolley 46 to roll, are neutralized.
[077] [077] One or more tugs can be used to limit the movement of the tanker T to prevent the tanker T from moving too close to the FPSO 10 vessel or to cover around the FPSO 10 vessel, as due to a change substantial wind direction.
[078] [078] For flexibility in accommodating wind direction, the FPSO 10 vessel preferably has a second mobile mooring cable connection 60 positioned opposite the mobile mooring cable connection 40. Tanker T can be moored at the cable connection mobile mooring cable 40 or mobile mooring cable connection 60, depending on which tanker T best accommodates the wind direction of the FPSO 10 vessel.
[079] [079] The mobile mooring cable connection 60 is essentially identical in design and construction to the mobile mooring cable 40 with its own grooved tubular channel and free-rolling trolley carriage, retained having a shackle protruding through the groove in the channel tubular. Each mobile mooring cable connection 40 and 60 is believed to be able to accommodate movement of the tanker T in an arc of approximately 270 degrees, so a great deal of flexibility is provided both during a single discharge operation (by movement from the trolley to one of the mobile mooring connections) and from one unloading operation to another (because it is able to choose between opposing mobile mooring connections).
[080] [080] The action of wind, wave and current can apply a large amount of force on the tanker T, particularly during a storm or storm, which, in turn, applies a large amount of force on the trolley 46, which in turn, a large amount of force is applied to the grooved wall 42b (Figure 13) of the tubular channel 42. The groove 42a weakens the wall 42b and if sufficient force is applied, the wall 42b can flex, possibly opening the wide groove 42a enough that trolley 46 is pulled out of tubular channel 42. Tubular channel 42 will need to be designed and built to withstand predicted forces. Inner corners within the tubular channel 42 can be constructed for reinforcement and it may be possible to use wheels that have a spherical shape. The tubular channel is only a means for providing a mobile mooring cable connection. An I-beam, which has opposite flanges attached to a central core, could be used as a rail instead of the tubular channel, with a trolley cart or other rolling or sliding device retained in, and movable over, the outer flange. The mobile mooring cable connection is similar to a gantry crane, except that a gantry crane is adapted to accommodate vertical forces, while the mobile mooring connection needs to be adapted to accommodate a horizontal force exerted through the mooring cable. 18. Any type of track, channel or track can be used to connect a mobile mooring cable, provided that a trolley or any type of mobile rolling or sliding device can move longitudinally over it, but is otherwise retained on the trail, channel or track. The following patents are incorporated by reference for everything they teach and particularly for what they teach about how to design and build a mobile connection. US patents nos. 5,595,121, entitled “Amusement ride and self-propelled vehicle therefor” and shipped to Elliott et al .; 6,857,373, entitled “Variably curved track-mounted amusement ride” and dispatched to Checketts et al .; 3,941,060, entitled “Monorail system” and dispatched to Morsbach; 4,984,523, entitled “Self-propelled trolley and supporting track structure” and dispatched to Dehne et al .; and 7,004,076, entitled “Material handling system enclosed track arrangement” and sent to Traubenkraut et al., are all incorporated by reference in full for all purposes. As described in the present invention and in the patents incorporated by reference, a variety of means can be used to resist a horizontal force, as applied to the FPSO 10 vessel via a mooring cable 18 from the tanker T, while providing lateral movement. , as by trolley 46 rolling back and forth horizontally while held within tubular channel 42.
[081] [081] Wind, waves and currents apply a number of forces on the FDPSO or FPSO vessel of the present invention, which cause an up and down vertical movement or vertical displacement, in addition to other movements. A production riser is a pipe or tube that extends from a wellhead on the seabed to the FDPSO or FPSO, which is referred to in the present invention in general as an FPSO. The production riser can be fixed to the seabed and fixed to the FPSO. Shaking the FPSO vessel can place alternating stress and compression forces on the production riser, which can cause fatigue and failure on the production riser. One aspect of the present invention is to minimize the vertical displacement of the FPSO vessel.
[082] [082] Figure 15 is a side elevation of an FDPSO or FPSO 80 vessel, according to the present invention. The vessel 80 has a hull 82 and a circular top deck surface 82a, and a cross section of hull 82 through any horizontal plane, while hull 82 is floating and a support, is preferably circular in shape. An upper cylindrical section 82b extends downwardly from the circular top deck surface 82a and an upper conical section 82c extends downwardly from the upper cylindrical portion 82b and tapers inwardly. Vessel 80 may have a cylindrical neck section 82d extending downwardly from upper conical section 82c, which would make it more similar to vessel 10 in figure 3, but does not. Instead, a lower taper section 82e extends downwardly from the upper taper section 82c and extends outwardly. A lower cylindrical section 82f extends downwardly from the lower conical section 82e. Hull 82 has a bottom surface 82g. The lower conical section 82e is described in the present invention as having the shape of an inverted cone or as having an inverted conical shape as opposed to the upper conical section 82c, which is described in the present invention as having a regular conical shape.
[083] [083] The FPSO 80 vessel is shown to be floating so that the water surface intersects the upper cylindrical portion 82b when loaded and / or ballasted. In this embodiment, the upper tapered section 82c has a substantially greater vertical height than the lower tapered section 82e, and the upper cylindrical section 82b has a slightly higher vertical height than the lower cylindrical section 82f.
[084] [084] To reduce vertical displacement and otherwise stabilize vessel 80, a set of fins 84 is attached to a lower and outer portion of the lower cylindrical section 82f, as shown in figure 15. Figure 16 is a cross section of the vessel 80 as would be seen along line 16-16 in figure 15. As can be seen in figure 16, fins 84 comprise four fin sections 84a, 84b, 84c and 86d (collectively referred to as clearances 86). Clearances 86 are spaces between fin sections 84a, 84b, 84c and 84d, which provide a place that accommodates production risers and anchor lines outside hull 82, without contact with fins 84. Anchor lines 88a, 88b, 88c and 88d in figures 15 and 16 are received in clearances 86c, 86a, 86b and 86d, respectively, and fix the vessel FDPSO and / or FPSO 80 to the seabed. Production risers 90a, 90b, 90c, 90d, 90e, 90f, 90g, 90e, 90g, 90h, 90i, 90j, 90k and 90m are received at clearances 86 and provide a resource such as crude oil, natural gas and / or a leached mineral, from the land below the seabed to the reservoir inside vessel 80. A central section 92 extends from bottom 82g of hull 82.
[085] [085] Figure 17 is the elevation of figure 15 in a vertical cross section showing a simplified view of the reservoir inside hull 82 in cross section. The produced resource flowing through the production risers 90 is stored in an annular tank, internal 82h. a central vertical tank 82i can be used as a separating vessel, such as for separating oil, water and / or gas and / or for storage. An annular, external tank 82j having an outer wall conforming to the shape of the upper conical section 82c and lower conical section 82e can be used to contain ballast water and / or store the produced resource. In this modality, a tank in the shape of an outer ring 82k is an empty space that has a cross section of an irregular trapezoid defined at its top by the lower conical section 82e and lower cylindrical section 82f with a vertical inner side wall and a bottom bottom wall horizontal, although the 82k tank could be used for ballast and / or storage. An 82m torus-shaped tank, which is formed as a washer or screw having a square or rectangular cross section, is located in a lower and outer portion of the hull
[086] [086] Fins 84 to reduce vertical displacement are shown in cross section in figure 17. Each fin section 84 is shaped like a right triangle in a vertical cross section, where the 90º angle is located adjacent to an external side wall lower part of the lower cylindrical section 82f of hull 82, so that a bottom edge 84e of the triangle shape is coplanar with the bottom surface 82g of hull 82, and a hypotenuse 84f of the triangle shape extends from one end distal 84g from the bottom edge 84e of the triangle shape up and inward to attach to the outer side wall of the lower cylindrical section 82f at a point only slightly higher than the lower edge of the outer side wall of the lower cylindrical section 82f, as seen in figure 17. Some experimentation may be necessary to dimension the fins 84 for optimal effectiveness. A starting point is the bottom edge 84e that extends radially outwardly by a distance that is approximately half the vertical height of the lower cylindrical section 82f and the hypotenuse 84f attaches to the lower cylindrical section 82f around a quarter of the height vertical of the lower cylindrical section 82f from the bottom 82g of the hull 82. Another starting point is that if the radius of the lower cylindrical section 82f is R, then the bottom edge 84e of the fin 84 extends radially outward by an additional 0.05 to 0.20 R, preferably approximately 0.10 to 0.15 R, and more preferably, approximately 0.125 R.
[087] [087] Figure 18 is a cross section of hull 82 of the vessel FDPSO and / or FPSO 80 as seen along line 18-18 in figure 17. Radial support elements 94a, 94b, 94c and 94d provide structural support for the annular, internal tank 82h, which is shown to have four compartments separated by the radial support elements 94. Radial support elements 96a, 96b, 96c, 96d, 96e, 96f, 96g, 96h, 96i, 96j, 96k and 96m provide support structural for the annular, external tank 82j and tanks 82k and 82m. the annular, external tank 82j and tanks 82k and 82m are compartmentalized by the radial support elements 96.
[088] [088] An FPSO vessel according to the present invention, such as FPSO 10 and 80 vessels, can be made onshore, preferably in a shipyard using conventional ship building techniques and materials. The FPSO vessel preferably has a circular shape in a flat view, however the construction cost can favor a polygonal shape so that flat, flat metal plates can be used instead of flex plates for a desired curvature. An FPSO vessel hull having a polygonal shape with facets in a plan view, as described in US bi patent, 6,761,508, issued to Haun and incorporated by reference, is included in the present invention. If a polygonal shape is chosen and a mobile mooring cable connection is desired, then a tubular channel or rail can be designed with an appropriate radius of curvature and fitted with appropriate insulators to provide the mobile mooring cable connection. If an FPSO vessel is built according to the description of the FPSO 10 vessel in figures 1-4, then it may be preferred to move the FPSO vessel, without a central column, to its final destination, anchor the FPSO vessel in its desired location, and install the central offshore column after the FPSO vessel has been moved and anchored in position. For the modality illustrated in figures 7 and 9, it would probably be preferable to install the central column while the FPSO vessel is onshore, retract the central column to a higher position, and tow the FPSO vessel to its final destination with the central column installed fully retracted . After the FPSO vessel is positioned in its desired location, the central column can be extended to a desired depth, and the mass trap at the bottom of the central column can be filled to help stabilize the hull against wind, wave and current.
[089] [089] After the FPSO vessel is anchored and its installation is otherwise completed, it can be used to drill exploratory or production wells, provided that a tower is installed and can be used for production and storage of resources or products. To discharge a cargo of fluid that was stored on the FPSO vessel, a transport tanker is placed next to the FPSO vessel.
[090] [090] With reference to figures 1-4, a messenger line can be stored on reels 70a and / or 70b. one end of the messenger line can be fired with a pyrotechnic pistol from vessel FPSO 10 to tanker T and held by personnel on tanker T. The other end of the messenger cable can be attached to one end of the tanker 18c (figure 2) of the mooring line 18 and personnel on the tanker can pull the end of the mooring line 18c from the mooring line 18 to the tanker T, where it can be attached to a suitable structure on the tanker T. Staff on tanker T can then fire one end of the messenger line to staff on the FPSO vessel, which hooks that end of the messenger line to one end of tanker 20a (figure 2) of hose 20. Staff on The tanker can then pull the end of the tanker 20a from the hose 20 to the tanker and secure it in an appropriate connection on the tanker for fluid communication between the FPSO vessel and the tanker. Typically, the cargo will be unloaded from storage on the FPSO vessel to the tanker, however the opposite can also be done, where the cargo from the tanker is unloaded onto the FPSO vessel for storage.
[091] [091] Although the hose can be large, such as 50.8 cm (20 inches) in diameter, the hose connection and discharge operation can take a long time, typically many hours, but less than a day. During this time, the tanker T will typically orient itself in the wind direction of the FPSO vessel and move slightly as the wind direction changes, which is accommodated in the FPSO vessel through the mobile mooring cable connection, allowing movement of the tanker in relation to the FPSO, possibly through a 270 degree arc, without interrupting the unloading operation. In the event of a major storm or storm, the unloading operation can be stopped, and if desired, the tanker can be disconnected from the FPSO vessel by releasing the mooring cable 18. After completing a typical and routine unloading operation, the end of the hose 20a can be disconnected from the tanker and a hose reel 20b can be used to wind hose 20 back into the hose reel 20b on the FPSO vessel. A second hose and hose reel 72 is provided on the FPSO vessel for use in combination with the second mobile mooring cable connection 60 on the opposite side of the FPSO vessel 10. The end of the tanker 18c of the mooring cable 18 can then be disconnected, allowing tanker T to move in the opposite direction and transport the cargo it received to onshore port facilities. The messenger cable can be used to pull the end of the tanker 18c from the mooring line 18 back to the FPSO vessel and the mooring line can float in the water adjacent to the FPSO vessel or the end of the tanker 18c from the mooring 18 can be attached to a spool (not shown) on deck 12a of the FPSO 10 vessel and mooring cable 18 can be wrapped over the spool for storage in the FPSO, while dual ends 18a and 18b (figure 12) of the mooring cable 18 remain connected to the mobile mooring cable connection 40.
[092] [092] The invention relates to a method for operating the floating vessel in a series of stages.
[093] [093] The method includes positioning a floating vessel on a first draft close to a wellhead by float.
[094] [094] The method includes ballasting the floating vessel in a second draft for drilling and production.
[095] [095] The method includes preparing the floating vessel on the second draft for offshore drilling and production services using a tower / mast with a crane, power source, mud pumps, cement pumps and a compensation system.
[096] [096] The method considers that the floating vessel usable in the method has a hull having: a bottom surface; a top deck surface; and at least two connected sections engaging between the bottom surface and the top deck surface.
[097] [097] The at least two connected hull sections are joined in series and symmetrically configured around a vertical geometric axis with one of at least two connected sections extending downward from the top deck surface towards the top surface. bottom.
[098] [098] At least two connected sections have at least two of: an upper portion in section view with a sloping side extending from the top deck section; a cylindrical neck section in profile view; and a lower tapered section in profile with a sloping side extending from the cylindrical neck section; and at least one fin extending from the hull with an upper fin surface sloping towards the bottom surface and attached to and extending from the hull.
[099] [099] At least one fin is configured to provide hydrodynamic performance through linear and quadratic damping and in which the lower taper section provides added mass with improved hydrodynamic performance through linear and quadratic damping for the hull and in which the floating vessel does not requires a retractable central column to control pitching, rolling and vertical displacement. In other words, the floating drill according to various modalities can advantageously be free from having the retractable central column controlling pitching, rolling and vertical displacement.
[0100] [0100] The method includes the step of forming a drill string and lowering a drill bit connected to the drill string through a marine riser to a seabed and passing through a plurality of sequentially connected safety valves using the hull described above.
[0101] [0101] The method includes the step of after reaching a producing area of a reservoir, removing the drill bit and drilling column and preparing the reservoir for production using the hull described above.
[0102] [0102] The method includes the step of moving the floating vessel to another offshore location for additional drilling and production services.
[0103] [0103] The method of the method considers that the hull has a shape inscribed in a circle.
[0104] [0104] The modalities of the method also include the step of: installing additional mass in at least one fin to improve at least one between: vertical displacement control and floating vessel roll control.
[0105] [0105] The methods of the method also include the step of: installing mass in the hull in a predefined location, the mass having predefined shapes to overcome a tipping moment, increase displacement of the hull and reduce the slow drift of the floating vessel's variable wave in that the slow drift of variable wave comprises speed induced by current speed over the floating vessel.
[0106] [0106] The modalities of the method include forming the lower conical section from a plurality of sides connected at an angle; each connected side having at least one of: identical angles for each inclined side and different angles for each inclined side.
[0107] [0107] The method modalities consider installing additional sloping sides between the plurality of connected sloping sides.
[0108] [0108] The modalities of the method consider installing a plurality of segmented fins aligned with each other and circumferentially attached around the hull.
[0109] [0109] The modalities of the method involve forming a flat face on at least one fin in parallel with a vertical geometric axis of the floating vessel.
[0110] [0110] The modalities of the method include forming a recess in the hull and in which the recess is a well.
[0111] [0111] The method's method involves using a tapered plate extending into the hull.
[0112] [0112] The modalities of the method consider that the polygonal shape of the hull is formed of a plurality of flat, flat metal plates that are connected in order to form a curvature of the hull.
[0113] [0113] The modalities of the method involve forming at least one tank on at least one fin.
[0114] [0114] The methods of the method involve installing an extended bottom edge from at least one fin on a circumference of the bottom surface, decreasing the movement of the hull.
[0115] [0115] Specific structural and functional details disclosed in the present invention are not to be construed as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching persons of ordinary skill in the art to employ the present invention in a variety of ways.
[0116] [0116] Although these modalities have been described with an emphasis on modalities, it should be understood that understood within the scope of the appended claims, the modalities could be put into practice in another way than as specifically described in the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (13)
[1]
1. A method of operating a floating vessel, comprising: a. position the floating vessel in a first draft close to a wellhead by floating; B. ballast the floating vessel to a second draft for drilling and production; ç. prepare the floating vessel on the second draft for offshore drilling and production services using a tower / mast with a winch, power source, mud pumps, cement pumps, and a compensation system, in which the floating vessel comprises a hull having : i. a bottom surface; ii. a top deck surface; and iii. at least two connected sections engaging between the bottom surface and the top deck surface, the at least two connected sections joined in series and symmetrically configured around a vertical axis with a connected section of the at least two connected sections extending to down from the top deck surface towards the bottom surface, the at least two connected sections comprising at least two of: an upper portion in section view with an inclined side extending from the top deck surface; a cylindrical neck section in profile view; and a lower tapered section in profile with an inclined side extending from the cylindrical neck section; and iv. At least one stabilizer extending from the hull with an upper stabilizer surface sloping towards the bottom surface and attached to and extending from the hull, the at least one stabilizer configured to provide hydrodynamic performance through linear damping and quadratic, and in which the lower conical section provides added mass with improved hydrodynamic performance through linear and quadratic damping to the hull, and in which the floating vessel does not require a retractable central column to control pitch, roll and vertical displacement (heave); d. Form a drill string and lower a drill bit connected to the drill string through a marine riser to a seabed and pass through a plurality of sequentially connected safety valves; and. After reaching a reservoir producing area, remove the drill bit and drill column and prepare the reservoir for production; and f. Move the floating vessel to another location for additional offshore drilling and production services.
[2]
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hull has a shape inscribed in a circle.
[3]
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: installing additional mass in at least one stabilizer to improve at least one of: vertical displacement control (heave) and roll control of the floating vessel.
[4]
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: installing mass in the hull at a predefined location, the mass having predefined shapes to overcome a tipping moment, increase displacement of the hull and reduce the slow drift of the floating vessel, wherein the slow drift of variable wave comprises speed induced by current speed over the floating vessel.
[5]
The method of claim 1, comprising forming the lower conical section from a plurality of angled connected sides; each inclined connected side of the plurality of inclined connected sides, having at least one of: identical angles for each inclined side and different angles for each inclined side.
[6]
The method of claim 5, comprising installing additional inclined sides between the plurality of inclined connected sides.
[7]
The method of claim 1, comprising installing a plurality of segmented stabilizers aligned with each other and circumferentially attached around the hull.
[8]
The method of claim 1, comprising forming a flat face on at least one stabilizer in parallel with a vertical axis of the floating vessel.
[9]
The method of claim 1, comprising forming a recess in the hull and wherein the recess is a moon pool.
[10]
The method of claim 1, comprising using a tapered plate extending into the hull.
[11]
The method of claim 1, wherein the polygonal shape of the hull comprises a plurality of flat, flat metal sheets forming a curvature of the hull.
[12]
The method of claim 1, comprising forming at least one tank on at least one stabilizer.
[13]
The method of claim 1, comprising installing an extended bottom edge from at least one stabilizer on a bottom surface circumference decreasing hull movement.

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同族专利:

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US20120132122A1|2012-05-31|

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BR102012004556B1|2020-12-08|

WO2013022484A1|2013-02-14|

BR102012004556A2|2015-03-03|

EP2741955A4|2016-01-13|

EP2741955B1|2019-08-28|

AR113540A1|2020-05-13|

US9969466B2|2018-05-15|

RU2763006C1|2021-12-24|

AU2018361227A1|2020-06-04|

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AU2018372844A1|2020-06-04|

WO2019089420A1|2019-05-09|

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法律状态:
2021-12-07| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

US201161521701P| true| 2011-08-09|2011-08-09|

US15/821,158|2017-11-22|

US15/821,158|US9969466B2|2009-11-08|2017-11-22|Method for operating floating driller|

PCT/US2018/061752|WO2019103958A1|2009-11-08|2018-11-19|Method for operating floating vessel|

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